An infant with rare adrenocortical carcinoma

Adrenocortical tumors (ACT) include both adrenocortical adenomas (ACA) and adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC). Carcinomas are rare in children and adolescents. In the United States, Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data from the National Cancer Institute show that the proportion of adrenocortical tumors (ACT) in childhood carcinoma is only about 1.3%, and the proportion of ACT in childhood malignancies is only about 0.2%. With childhood ACC being less common, there were only 36 cases of adrenocortical carcinomas younger than age 20 years reported to SEER during 20 years period of 1975-1995, 18 of them occurred in children younger than 5 years of age. Herein, we report our experience of a 9 monthes old female infant ACC case presenting with huge abdomen mass as the main clinical manifestation. The patient has a favorable outcome combined with surgical and chemotherapy treatments.